This Day in History: Edward Brooke Elected as First Black U.S. Senator by Popular Vote in 1966

Edward William Brooke III, a Howard University graduate, made history as the first African American elected to the U.S. Senate by popular vote and the first Black politician from Massachusetts to serve in Congress.

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Senator-elect Edward W. Brooke (R-Mass.) speaking on the telephone in his Boston headquarters, Nov. 9, 1966 the day after election. (AP Photo)
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On Nov. 8, 1966, Edward William Brooke III, a Howard University graduate, made history as the first African American elected to the U.S. Senate by popular vote and the first Black politician from Massachusetts to serve in Congress.

Edward W. Brooke, attorney general of Massachusetts, on steps outside Boston State House, Jan. 31, 1964. Brooke is the first Black attorney general in any state and is the only Republican holding statewide office in Massachusetts. (AP Photo)

Born in Washington, D.C., Brooke majored in sociology before serving as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army and later earning a law degree from Boston University.

Brooke chaired the Boston Finance Commission to tackle city corruption and, as Massachusetts’ first Black attorney general, fought against corruption and housing discrimination. Winning his Senate seat with 62 percent of the vote, he became the first Black senator since Reconstruction.

Senator-elect Edward W. Brooke stands beside a new easy Chair, holding a plaque, both of which were presented to him by the staff of his attorney generalís office at the State House in Boston, Dec. 29, 1966. The gifts represent remembrances he will take to Washington where he will be sworn in as the junior senator from Massachusetts and the first Black to be selected to the U.S. Senate. (AP Photo)

Though a moderate Republican, Brooke often challenged his party, opposing conservative Supreme Court nominees and calling for Nixon’s resignation. Senator Brooke served from 1967 to 1979.


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